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Date: April 29, 2024 Mon
Time: 11:04 pm
Time: 11:04 pm
Results for strain theory
2 results foundAuthor: Baumann, Florian Title: Status Concerns as a Motive for Crime? Summary: This paper analyzes the implications of potential offenders caring about their relative status. We establish that subjects' status concerns can result in multiple-equilibrium crime rates and may modify the standard comparative-statics results regarding how the crime rate changes in response to a higher detection probability and higher sanctions. In addition, we argue that the socially optimal level of the detection probability and the sanction will often be higher when potential offenders care about their relative positions. Our analysis can be linked to one of the most important criminological theories of crime, namely strain theory. Details: Munich: Center for Economic Studies (CES), the Ifo Institute and the CESifo GmbH, 2013. 36p. Source: Internet Resource: CESIFO WORKING PAPER NO. 4225: Accessed May 1, 2013 at: Year: 2013 Country: International URL: Shelf Number: 128582 Keywords: Crime RatesEconomics of CrimeStrain Theory |
Author: Del Toro, Juan Title: The Criminogenic and Psychological Effects of Police Stops on Adolescent Black and Latino Boys Summary: Proactive policing, the strategic targeting of people or places to prevent crimes, is a well-studied tactic that is ubiquitous in modern law enforcement. A 2017 National Academies of Sciences report reviewed existing literature, entrenched in deterrence theory, and found evidence that proactive policing strategies can reduce crime. The existing literature, however, does not explore what the short and long-term effects of police contact are for young people who are subjected to high rates of contact with law enforcement as a result of proactive policing. Using four waves of longitudinal survey data from a sample of predominantly black and Latino boys in ninth and tenth grades, we find that adolescent boys who are stopped by police report more frequent engagement in delinquent behavior 6, 12, and 18 months later, independent of prior delinquency, a finding that is consistent with labeling and life course theories. We also find that psychological distress partially mediates this relationship, consistent with the often stated, but rarely measured, mechanism for adolescent criminality hypothesized by general strain theory. These findings advance the scientific understanding of crime and adolescent development while also raising policy questions about the efficacy of routine police stops of black and Latino youth. Police stops predict decrements in adolescents' psychological well-being and may unintentionally increase their engagement in criminal behavior. Details: Washington, DC: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States, 2019. 8p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 25, 2019 at: https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/116/17/8261.full.pdf Year: 2019 Country: United States URL: https://www.pnas.org/content/116/17/8261 Shelf Number: 156733 Keywords: Juvenile Delinquency Law Enforcement Police Officers Police Stops Proactive Policing Racism Strain Theory |